Separation Glossary
Centrifuge a machine which spins suspensions causing solids to settle quickly from the liquid which can then be decanted
Chromatography separation technique used to separate dissolved solids (usually coloured) from one another
Concentrated a solution that has a large amount of solute in a given volume of solvent
Decanting pouring off a liquid and leaving a solid behind
Dilute a solution that has a small amount of solute in a given volume of solvent
Distillation separation technique used to separate a liquid from a solution by first evaporating and then condensing the liquid
Evaporation the process in which a liquid becomes a gas
Filtrate liquid which has passed through a filter
Filtration separation technique used to separate an insoluble solids from a liquid
Fractional distillation separation technique used to separate liquids with different boiling points from a solution and then condensing them
Insoluble a substance that does not dissolve in another substance
Magnetic separation separation technique used to separate a magnetic substance from a mixture using a magnet
Mixture a substance made of two or more different kinds of atoms that are not chemically combined e.g. sea water
Pure a substance that contains only one kind of atom or molecule e.g. gold
Residue solid material left behind after filtration or decanting
Soluble a substance that can be dissolved in another substance
Solute the substance that dissolves in another substance to form a solution (e.g. sugar)
Solution a mixture in which a substance (the solute) dissolves in another substance (the solvent)
Solvent the substance that does the dissolving to form a solution (e.g. water)
Chromatography separation technique used to separate dissolved solids (usually coloured) from one another
Concentrated a solution that has a large amount of solute in a given volume of solvent
Decanting pouring off a liquid and leaving a solid behind
Dilute a solution that has a small amount of solute in a given volume of solvent
Distillation separation technique used to separate a liquid from a solution by first evaporating and then condensing the liquid
Evaporation the process in which a liquid becomes a gas
Filtrate liquid which has passed through a filter
Filtration separation technique used to separate an insoluble solids from a liquid
Fractional distillation separation technique used to separate liquids with different boiling points from a solution and then condensing them
Insoluble a substance that does not dissolve in another substance
Magnetic separation separation technique used to separate a magnetic substance from a mixture using a magnet
Mixture a substance made of two or more different kinds of atoms that are not chemically combined e.g. sea water
Pure a substance that contains only one kind of atom or molecule e.g. gold
Residue solid material left behind after filtration or decanting
Soluble a substance that can be dissolved in another substance
Solute the substance that dissolves in another substance to form a solution (e.g. sugar)
Solution a mixture in which a substance (the solute) dissolves in another substance (the solvent)
Solvent the substance that does the dissolving to form a solution (e.g. water)